Horseradish Peroxidase: Structure, Functions and Applications

In this compilation, the authors discuss the commercial source for the enzyme horseradish peroxidase, the tuberous roots of the horseradish plant which is native to the temperate regions of the world. Horseradish peroxidase is an oxidoreductase belonging to the highly ubiquitous group of peroxidases, indicating that this enzyme came into existence in the early stages of evolution and has been conserved thereafter. Following this, the authors discuss the latest advancements and innovations in the field of enzymatic electrochemical sensors based on the electrical communication between horseradish peroxidase and the enzyme's modified electrodes surfaces. In conclusion, the authors discuss the potential for horseradish peroxidase use in colored wastewater treatment. C. I. Acid Violet 109 was used as a model dye in order to examine the feasibility of horseradish peroxidase application in the removal of anthraquinone class of synthetic dyes. The reaction conditions were optimized in terms of dye, enzyme and H2O2 concentration as well as temperature and pH influence.