Geldmarkt Und Hypothekenbank-Obligationen

After graduating from high school in Berlin in 1910 and beginning his chemistry studies in Berlin and Munich in the same year (association exam in 1912 at the Technical University of Charlottenburg), R. studied economics in Berlin from 1912 under Gustav Schmoller and Ignaz Jastrow, among others (exam in 1914), as well as history and political science under Otto Hintze and Gerhard Anschutz, among others. He received his doctorate in 1914 under Heinrich Herkner with a dissertation entitled 'The Economic Importance of the German Tar Dye Industry' (1914). R. subsequently served in the military for four years. In 1919 he joined the German People's Party (DVP). Contrary to his inclinations, he joined his father's company, which he left again in 1927. To earn a living, he organized and managed the German Fur Breeders' Fur Recycling Cooperative as managing director from 1931 onwards, while also working as a scientist. A first attempt at habilitation, on a topic related to commercial history, failed after 1930 due to resistance within the faculty. R. withdrew his second application to the Berlin faculty, which included a thesis on "Advertising as a Historical and Economic Phenomenon" (published in 1935), completed in 1933, after the Nazi seizure of power. R. also began to study the history of German entrepreneurship. In March 1936, R. emigrated to the USA. After brief stints as a teacher in Pennsylvania and Michigan, he was a lecturer at Mercer University (Georgia) from 1937 to 1942. He also maintained contact with Harvard University, where Joseph A. Schumpeter (1883-1950) and Frank Taussig (1859-1940) encouraged him to continue his studies in entrepreneurial history. In 1942, R. acquired US citizenship and, in the same year, received a permanent position with the Federal Public Housing Authority in Boston. From 1947 to 1948, he was an associate professor at Massachusetts State College, and from 1948 to 1950, he served as a director of the Massachusetts Housing Authority. In addition to many smaller publications, R. published a work on the history of banking during this period (The Molding of American Banking, 2 vols., 1947 to 1951, reprinted 1968). At the invitation of Arthur H. Cole, he joined the Research Center in Entrepreneurial History at Harvard University in 1950 as a Senior Associate, where he remained until its closure in 1958. Here, he wrote his major work, "The German Military Enterpriser and his Work Force" (2 vols., 19641966). R. quickly gained recognition and influence in Germany, particularly in entrepreneurial and business history, but he declined to return; after his retirement, he continued to live and research at Harvard. Equally an economic and social historian and strongly influenced by Max Weber and Werner Sombart, R. sought to combine the advantages of the historical working methodology he had learned in Germany with theoretical approaches from the American social sciences and to capture the historical phenomenon of the entrepreneur as a personal element of economic activity typologically and comparatively (Entrepreneurial Typology, in: Weltwirtschaftl. Archiv 82, 1959). R. was influenced by his American colleagues, especially Alfred D. Chandler.