Foreign Direct Investments: Overview, Issues and Trends

A 'foreign direct investment' is defined as an investment in which a resident or a firm in one country has long-term influence and control over at least 10% of the ordinary shares or voting powers of an incorporated firm, or equivalent for an unincorporated firm in another country. This compilation contrasts foreign direct investment decisions between hierarchical internalized multinational enterprises and the emerging network multinational enterprise. Money, goods and corporate rights, intellectual property, securities rights and requirements for the exploitation of natural resources as a form of foreign investment are also considered. The concluding research analyzes the patterns of foreign direct investments and regional disparities in India from 1990 to 2020, comparing states with coastal locations, industrial infrastructure and port availabilities to interior backward states.