Experience of twisted pine introduction in the European North of Russia

The introduction of new fast-growing and highly productive species occupies an important place in the practice of improving the quality and productivity of existing coniferous forests. For forestry direction in introduction, only species that are able to form highly productive plantations of a particular purpose in specific soil and climatic conditions have always been of practical interest. At one time, plantation cultivation of such an introductive species as the remarkable pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) in New Zealand inspired Swedish foresters to search for a fast-growing analogue for temperate latitudes. The result, as we know, was a wide spread in many countries of northern Europe and in Sweden, in particular, of such species as twisted pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia S. Watson).