Ethics

This book is the main work of Spinoza, a famous Dutch philosopher and one of the representatives of rationalism, and his philosophical ideas are basically expressed in this book. The book is written in the 'geometrical method'. Spinoza, like Descartes, a French philosopher a little earlier than him, believed that only the knowledge deduced from the first few intuitively obtained definitions and axioms by the power of reason, as in geometry, is the most reliable knowledge; therefore, when he wrote Ethics, he studied human thoughts, emotions, desires, etc. as if they were geometrical points, lines, and surfaces, and proposed definitions and axioms, then proved them, and then made deductions. proofs, and then making deductions.