Divided by Faith

First published in 2000, Divided by Faith has become a landmark book for understanding race and religion in the United States. Drawing on a nationwide telephone survey of two thousand people and an additional two hundred face-to-face interviews, it probes the grassroots of white evangelical America. A quarter of a century on from the first edition, Michael O. Emerson and Christian Smith find that despite efforts by the movement's leaders to address the problem of racial discrimination, evangelicals themselves are still preserving America's racial chasm. In fact, most white evangelicals see no systematic discrimination against Black Americans or other racial groups. The authors contend that it is not overt racism that prevents evangelicals from recognizing ongoing problems in American society. Instead, it is the evangelical movement's emphasis on individualism, free will, and personal relationships that makes invisible the pervasive injustice that perpetuates racial inequality. This second edition has been thoroughly overhauled with updated statistics and an additional chapter covering developments over the last twenty-five years. The authors assess the growth of the rise of Christian nationalism, whiteness studies, critical race theory, the racialization of religion, and the religionization of race. Through a large body of evidence combined with sophisticated analysis and interpretation, they throw a bright light on the oldest American dilemma. In the end, they conclude that despite the best intentions of evangelical leaders and some positive trends, real racial reconciliation remains far over the horizon.